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What is the role of the Judiciary in the Indian Government System?
Updated: 09-May-2025

The judiciary in India plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of power between the executive, legislature, and individual rights.

Key Functions of the Judiciary:

  • Interpretation of Laws: The judiciary interprets and applies laws to cases, ensuring that the laws remain relevant and aligned with constitutional values.

  • Judicial Review: Courts have the power to review laws passed by the legislature and actions taken by the executive. If these actions violate the Constitution, they are struck down.

  • Protection of Fundamental Rights: The judiciary ensures the protection of fundamental rights guaranteed by the Constitution. Through Public Interest Litigations (PILs), the courts have expanded access to justice for marginalized groups.

  • Dispute Resolution: Courts resolve disputes between individuals, between the government and individuals, and between different government entities (Centre vs. States).

  • Guardian of the Constitution: The judiciary acts as the custodian of the Constitution, ensuring that all laws and executive actions conform to constitutional principles.

Overall, the judiciary acts as a check on the powers of the executive and legislature, upholding the Constitution and safeguarding democracy.

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