Solar energy is one of the most promising forms of green energy in India due to abundant sunlight throughout the year.

Advantages:

• Abundant resource: India receives ~300 sunny days annually.

• Low operating cost: Once installed, solar panels require minimal maintenance.

• Decentralized power: Useful in rural areas with poor grid access.

• Environment-friendly: No emissions or pollution.

Challenges:

• High initial cost: Though falling, solar setup costs can still be a barrier.

• Storage issues: Energy is produced only during the day; batteries are expensive.

• Land use: Large-scale solar farms need vast areas.

• Grid integration: Fluctuating supply can affect stability.

Government schemes like PM-KUSUM, Solar Rooftop Programme, and PLI for Solar PV Modules aim to boost adoption. Despite challenges, solar energy remains central to India’s renewable energy future.