Green hydrogen is hydrogen gas produced using electrolysis powered by renewable energy. Unlike grey or blue hydrogen (which uses fossil fuels), green hydrogen is carbon-free.

Why it’s the “fuel of the future”:

• Zero emissions: Only water is emitted when hydrogen is used as fuel.

• High energy density: More efficient than batteries for long-haul transport and heavy industries.

• Versatile applications: Can be used in steel production, fertilizers, aviation, and as a backup power source.

• Storage solution: Helps store excess solar and wind power.

India launched the National Green Hydrogen Mission in 2023 to make the country a global hub for green hydrogen production. The aim is to produce 5 MMT of green hydrogen annually by 2030.

Challenges:

• High production cost due to expensive electrolyzers.

• Need for large-scale renewable energy.

• Infrastructure for transport and storage.

With investment and policy support, green hydrogen could transform sectors hard to decarbonize and make a significant impact on the global clean energy transition.